Question Easy:
A 30-year-old pregnant woman, who is 18 weeks gestation, presents with severe vomiting and dehydration. She has lost 5kg in the last month. What is the most likely diagnosis? 🤔
A) Morning sickness
B) Gastroenteritis
C) Hyperemesis gravidarum
D) Gestational diabetes
E) Pre-eclampsia
Question Medium:
A 28-year-old woman comes to the clinic with concerns about her menstrual cycle. She reports irregular periods and excessive facial hair growth. What is the most likely diagnosis? 😯
A) Adenomyosis
B) Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
C) Endometriosis
D) Uterine fibroids
E) Menopause
Question Hard:
A 22-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department with acute pelvic pain and vaginal bleeding. An ultrasound reveals a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. What is the first-line treatment for the management of this condition? 🚨
A) Methotrexate
B) Methyldopa
C) Surgical salpingectomy
D) Expectant management
E) Oral contraceptives
Explanations & Answers:
Question Easy Answer:
C) Hyperemesis gravidarum
Question Easy Explanation:
Hyperemesis gravidarum is characterised by severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy leading to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and weight loss. According to NICE guidelines, this condition often requires medical treatment and sometimes hospitalisation for intravenous fluids. It is more severe than typical morning sickness.
Question Medium Answer:
B) Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Question Medium Explanation:
PCOS is a common endocrine disorder that presents with symptoms like irregular periods, hirsutism, and sometimes obesity. It is one of the most prevalent causes of menstrual irregularities in women and can affect fertility. Treatment according to NHS guidelines includes lifestyle modifications and medications like metformin or hormonal contraceptives to manage symptoms.
Question Hard Answer:
C) Surgical salpingectomy
Question Hard Explanation:
For ruptured ectopic pregnancy, the immediate concern is to stabilise the patient and prevent further haemorrhage. According to NICE guidelines, surgical intervention is required in such acute scenarios. Salpingectomy is the procedure of choice, which involves the removal of the affected fallopian tube to manage the rupture effectively.
Medical fact of the day:
Did you know that the UK implemented a nationwide HPV vaccination programme for girls in 2008, significantly reducing the risk of cervical cancer? The programme now includes boys, making it a powerful tool in controlling HPV-related diseases.
Quote of the day:
“To care for those who once cared for us is one of the highest honours.”