Question Easy: 🤰 A 26-year-old woman who is 30 weeks pregnant presents to the antenatal clinic for a routine check-up. Which vaccination is recommended at this stage of her pregnancy in the UK to protect her newborn from a specific infection?
A) MMR vaccine
B) BCG vaccine
C) Influenza vaccine
D) Tdap vaccine
E) Hepatitis B vaccine
Question Medium: 🤔 A 32-year-old woman presents with heavy menstrual bleeding, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Blood tests reveal iron deficiency anaemia. What is the first-line treatment recommended by NICE for managing her heavy menstrual bleeding?
A) Combined oral contraceptive pill
B) Oral iron supplements
C) Tranexamic acid
D) Iron infusion
E) Progestogen-only pill
Question Hard: 🤱 A 38-year-old woman presents with irregular vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain. An ultrasound shows a 5 cm ovarian cyst. Which feature on ultrasound is most likely to suggest malignancy according to NICE guidelines?
A) Unilocular cyst
B) Presence of ascites
C) Thin septations
D) Absence of blood flow on Doppler
E) Smooth borders
Explanations & Answers:
Question Easy Answer: D) Tdap vaccine
Question Easy Explanation: The Tdap vaccine (Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis) is recommended during pregnancy, ideally between 16 and 32 weeks, to protect the newborn against whooping cough. This follows NHS guidelines to reduce the risk of pertussis in infants.
Question Medium Answer: C) Tranexamic acid
Question Medium Explanation: Tranexamic acid is recommended by NICE as a first-line treatment for heavy menstrual bleeding if the woman does not wish to use hormonal contraception. It is non-hormonal and can reduce uterine bleeding effectively.
Question Hard Answer: B) Presence of ascites
Question Hard Explanation: The presence of ascites, along with other features like solid areas, multilocular cysts with thick septations, and increased blood flow on Doppler, is suggestive of malignancy according to NICE guidelines. These features warrant further investigation.
Medical fact of the day: The UK has seen a significant reduction in maternal mortality rates over the past decades, reaching its lowest level as of 2023. This is a testament to advancements in antenatal care, improved access to healthcare facilities, and enhanced recognition and management of obstetric emergencies.
Quote of the day: “In every heartbeat and every breath, remember your power to heal. You are the light in moments of uncertainty, a beacon of hope for those in need.”